Dog urinary

Fanconi syndrome in dogs describes a specific kidney dysfunction resulting from failure of the tubules to reabsorb glucose, bicarbonate, and other nutrients, causing them to be flushed out with the urine.

Hyperparathyroidism in dogs refers to excessive release of parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid glands. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a major regulator of calcium levels in the bloodstream and responds to low blood calcium levels by increasing calcium release from the bones and absorption of calcium from food in the intestinal tract.

Portosystemic shunt (PSS) describes the condition in dogs in which blood flow via the portal vein (a vessel that carries blood to the liver from the abdominal organs) bypasses the liver, emptying directly into the bloodstream. 

Adenocarcinoma is cancer of glandular tissue and it can develop almost anywhere in the body. Common locations for adenocarcinomas in dogs include the anal glands, mammary tissue, and prostate.

Ectopic ureter is a congenital disorder in dogs in which the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder connect to an abnormal location (urethra, vagina, colon, or uterus). Most often, the ureter connects below the bladder, bypassing the bladder sphincter and causing urinary leakage.

Tularemia in dogs, often called “rabbit fever,” is a form of blood poisoning caused by the organism Francisella tularensis. Tularemia causes severe disease in humans and is easily passed from infected pets to owners.

Transmissible venereal tumors (TVT) are an unusual form of tumor which can be transmitted through skin-to-skin contact between dogs. The exact source of this cell line is unknown, but is thought be thousands of years old.

The urethra is the tube that transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. Urethral prolapse describes urethral tissue protruding from the opening; this happens almost exclusively in male dogs and looks like a red mass at the tip of the penis.

Kidney failure in dogs describes a wide range of conditions that result in loss of adequate kidney function. Symptoms of kidney failure in dogs vary depending on the severity, cause, and how long the disease is present before treatment begins

Urinary incontinence in dogs is when urination occurs without control or awareness. This presents as spotting or dribbling of urine, without the pet actively choosing to do so. Conditions which interfere with structures controlling urination, such as the spinal cord, brain, and urogenital system can lead to urinary incontinence.

Organophosphate and carbamate insecticides are commonly used in agricultural and gardening products as well as older generation flea and tick control products. Organophosphate (OP) and carbamate (CM) toxicosis results from exposure to a toxic dose of these chemicals. 

Straining to urinate (stranguria) in dogs is a serious symptom indicating some degree of disruption of urine flow. Dogs will posture to urinate, with visible pushing. Straining may be productive or unproductive, and may be consistent or intermittent.

Bacterial cystitis is infection and inflammation of the bladder, usually caused by bacteria entering through the urethra in dogs. Bacterial cystitis is commonly called a lower urinary tract infection, or UTI.

Amyloidosis occurs as a secondary condition to chronic inflammation in dogs. It is the result of build up of proteins in the affected organ, which negatively impacts function. In dogs, amyloidosis most commonly affects the kidneys and is usually detected when signs of kidney disease begin to develop.

Cancer of the lower urinary tract is uncommon in dogs. The lower urinary tract consists of the bladder, urethra (tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body), and in males the prostate gland.

Uroliths are commonly known as “stones” and can form anywhere in the urinary tract. Uroliths are very common in dogs. Severity depends on where the stone is located and whether it is impacting the normal function of the urinary system.

Prostatitis is a common condition that occurs most frequently in intact male dogs when the prostate gland becomes inflamed. Prostatitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection from the urinary tract.

Diabetes mellitus, or diabetes, is a common hormonal disorder of dogs, primarily caused by low or absent levels of insulin in the bloodstream.

Pollakiuria refers to abnormally frequent urination, usually in small volumes. Characterized by frequent posturing to urinate (squatting) with small volumes of urine voided

Grape toxicosis is poisoning caused by the ingestion of a toxic dose of grapes, raisins, or currants.

Cushing’s disease (hyperadrenocorticism) is caused by elevated cortisol levels in the bloodstream due either a tumor on the adrenal or pituitary glands or from prolonged administration of corticosteroids.

Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a very rare condition in dogs resulting in the lack of production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or a lack of response to the hormone.

Pyelonephritis is a urinary tract infection that affects the kidneys. The infection is most usually caused by a bacteria (usually E. coli) that moves up the urinary tract from the bladder into the kidneys

Congenital kidney disease is a group of kidney diseases that develop before birth, during fetal growth.

Rodenticide poisoning in dogs is caused by ingestion of a toxic dose of rodent poison either directly or by consuming poisoned rodents.

Mushroom poisoning occurs as the result of ingestion of a toxic dose of a poisonous mushroom.

Bloody urine is red, pink, or brown-tinged. This symptom is uncommon in dogs, but indicates potentially serious underlying diseases.

Dark urine is commonly observed in dogs, and is often normal. The color of urine varies for healthy pets, but some illnesses and injuries can contribute to a color change in the urine along with other symptoms.

Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection that affects many animals, including dogs and humans.