Head pressing is a behavior demonstrated when a dog compulsively faces a wall or corner and remains there without moving or appearing engaged in any kind of activity for a period of time.

Acid, or Gastric reflux (GR) is defined as the movement of gastric secretions from the stomach into the esophagus. 

Elapid envenomation occurs when a dog is bitten by a snake from the elapid family (e.g. coral snakes).

Venomous snakes are found in many locations throughout the world, however most reports of dog envenomation

Increased thirst, or polydipsia, is a common symptom of many conditions in dogs.

Difficulty breathing (dyspnea) is always cause for concern, so any dog who suddenly exhibits this symptom needs emergency medical care. Many conditions can cause dyspnea,

Paralysis is the lack of ability to voluntarily move one or more parts of the body. It may or may not be accompanied by loss of sensation.

Mothball poisoning is caused by close contact (ingestion, inhalation, or dermal exposure) with mothballs. 

Ethylene glycol (EG) is a highly toxic ingredient in antifreeze products that causes poisoning in dogs when ingested

Chocolate toxicosis results when dogs ingest dangerous amounts of chocolate. Methylxanthines like theobromine and caffeine are toxic to dogs,

Seizures result from abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Seizure activity varies from subtle staring to complete collapse and muscle spasms (convulsions).

In dogs, sufficiently high doses of the common sugar substitute xylitol are toxic because they trigger a rapid release of insulin that drops blood sugar levels dangerously low.

When dogs eat garlic, onions, or other *Allium* species, red blood cell damage results. This is often called onion toxicosis, no matter what type of allium plant was consumed. **Onion toxicosis is potentially life-threatening**.

Mushroom poisoning occurs as the result of ingestion of a toxic dose of a poisonous mushroom.

Yellow pigmentation of the eyes, gums, nostrils, and ears is called jaundice or icterus. Jaundice occurs when there is a buildup of bilirubin, a yellowish pigment released during red blood cell breakdown and normally excreted in bile

Bromethalin toxicosis in dogs is caused by ingestion of a toxic dose of bromethalin-based rodent poison.

Anticoagulant poisons are commonly used for pest control. Dogs are exposed when they eat rodenticide bait or other poisoned animals.

Ptyalism is the term for excessive drooling. All dogs drool from time to time under normal circumstances, but increased salivation is an indicator for a variety of medical problems

Rodenticide poisoning in dogs is caused by ingestion of a toxic dose of rodent poison either directly or by consuming poisoned rodents.

Collapse in dogs is generally defined as when a dog falls and cannot get back up.

Glow stick ingestion is an uncommon, but alarming toxicity that occurs when glow in the dark products such as sticks or jewelry are eaten by a dog.

If a dog tilts his head involuntarily or chronically, especially when along with other symptoms like ear pain or lack of balance, it may be a symptom of an underlying medical condition

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) toxicosis is the ingestion of a toxic or lethal dose of a NSAID.

Grape toxicosis is poisoning caused by the ingestion of a toxic dose of grapes, raisins, or currants.

Pale gums are when the normal pink color of the gums turns pale or white, usually due to a serious underlying health problem.

Zinc is commonly found in household metal objects, as well as in batteries, vitamin supplements, paints, and certain ointments (e.g. sunscreen and diaper rash cream).

Weakness is a symptom where dogs move slowly, struggle to rise from rest, are reluctant to exercise, and sometimes have muscle shaking.

Limping, also known as lameness, is when a dog is walking abnormally, unevenly, or with difficulty.

Cholecalciferol or vitamin D3 is a fat-soluble steroid needed to absorb a number of chemicals and phosphates. Ingestion of rodent poison and vitamins high in Vit D3 content are the most common causes of vitamin D3 toxicosis in dogs.

Macadamia nut poisoning in dogs is caused by ingestion of a toxic dose of macadamia nuts. No other species of companion animals appear to suffer from this kind of toxicosis.