Hives (Urticaria) in Dogs
Key takeaways
Hives (urticaria) are an uncommon condition where dome-shaped bumps (wheals) develop on a dog’s skin.
- Hives are most commonly caused by reactions to insect bites or allergies
- Hives are rarely dangerous, although in severe cases swelling around the throat may impact breathing
- A physical examination is usually sufficient to identify hives
- Dogs often do not require treatment and have a good prognosis
- Vet-recommended antihistamines and insect bite medication can help alleviate symptoms
- Severe hives leading to anaphylaxis requires intensive supportive care
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A closer look: Hives (Urticaria) in Dogs
In dogs, hives are most commonly caused by allergens. Allergens are harmless agents in the environment which cause an inappropriate immune system response commonly referred to as allergies. Continued exposure to allergens may result in anaphylaxis, which is an emergency. Dogs experiencing swelling of the throat and difficulty breathing require emergency veterinary care.
Dogs with hives benefit from prompt veterinary assistance to identify the allergen and reduce exposure.
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Risk factors
Hives are uncommon, and often resolve on their own without treatment in dogs.
In many cases, triggers such as a bee sting or insect bite results in significant swelling (angioedema). Angioedema around the face may result in the eyelids swelling shut, or swelling around the lips that makes eating and drinking difficult.
Possible causes
Hives are an allergic response to an irritant or allergen.
Friction, sunlight, heat, exercise, and stress can cause hives to develop in rare cases, and may also exacerbate an existing condition.
Main symptoms
Hives are reddened, swollen, and itchy welts on skin, most commonly on a dog’s back, flanks, neck, eyelids, face, or legs. They may develop within minutes or hours of exposure to an irritant, and disappear rapidly.
Testing and diagnosis
A physical examination and presenting symptoms is sufficient to identify hives. If a dog presents with other symptoms, additional diagnostic tests may involve:
- Skin biopsies
- Bloodwork
- Dietary trials
Steps to Recovery
Dogs often recover from hives without medical intervention. When treatment is required due to worsening symptoms or cases that are not resolving quickly, it typically involves medications such as antihistamines, steroids, or insect bite medication.
Prognosis for hives themselves is very good, with most cases resolving on their own. Cases that result in anaphylaxis are more guarded, particularly if the patient experiences difficulty breathing or collapse.
Hives may recur if there is continued exposure to irritants.
Prevention
Allergy testing, diet trials, and allergen elimination trials may be helpful in dogs which have recurrent hives.
Are Hives (Urticaria) in Dogs common?
Hives are uncommon in dogs.
Typical Treatment
- Medication
- Benign neglect
- Investigation of allergies
